A comparison of perioperative outcomes between extraperitoneal robotic single-port and multiport radical prostatectomy with the da Vinci Si Surgical System / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

To evaluate outcomes between extraperitoneal robotic single-port radical prostatectomy (epR-spRP) and extraperitoneal robotic multiport radical prostatectomy (epR-mpRP) performed with the da Vinci Si Surgical System, comparison was performed between 30 single-port (SP group) and 26 multiport (MP group) cases. Comparisons included operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), hospital stay, peritoneal violation, pain scores, scar satisfaction, continence, and erectile function. The median operation time and EBL were not different between the two groups. In the SP group, the median operation time of the first 10 patients was obviously longer than that of the latter 20 patients (P < 0.001). The median postoperative hospital stay in the SP group was shorter than that in the MP group (P < 0.001). The rate of peritoneal damage in the SP group was less than that in the MP group (P = 0.017). The pain score and overall need for pain medications in the SP group were lower than those in the MP group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively). Patients in the SP group were more satisfied with their scars than those in the MP group 3 months postoperatively (P = 0.007). At 3 months, the cancer control, recovery of erectile function, and urinary continence rates were similar between the two groups. It is safe and feasible to perform epR-spRP using the da Vinci Si surgical system. Therefore, epR-spRP can be a treatment option for localized prostate cancer. Although epR-spRP still has a learning curve, it has advantages for postoperative pain and self-assessed cosmesis. In the absence of the single-port robotic surgery platform, we can still provide minimally invasive surgery for patients.

Research Advances on Programmed Cell Death Receptor-1 Antibody in the Treatment of Lymphoma--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Abstract　　Tumor cells avoid immune surveillance by overexpressing ligands of checkpoint receptors on tumor cells or adjacent cells, resulting in inability or exhaustion of T cells. Numerous studies have shown that lymphoma cells highly expressed programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), suggesting that PD-1 may become an important target for lymphoma treatment. By targeting the PD-1 protein, the cellular activity of T cells will be significantly enhanced, and the tumor growth will be inhibited. Recently, antibodies against PD-1 have shown high efficacy and safety in the clinical studies of lymphoma, which are expected to become the targeted therapeutic drugs for lymphoma. In order to deeply understand the application of PD-1 antibody in treatment of lymphoma, this review briefly summaries the present state of lymphoma studies, the action mechanism and preparation method of PD-1 antibody in clinical treatment of lymphoma.

Repression of lung tumor suppressor gene G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A expression by inflammatory signal pathway / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To investigate the regulatory effects of inflammatory signaling pathway on the expression of G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A (GPRC5A). Methods: Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-driven luciferase mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evaluate the activation of NF-κB in lungs. GPRC5A expression in lungs was assessed by Western blotting in the C57BL/6J mice injected with LPS. In vitro tests, human lung tumor cell lines Calu-1 and H322, and human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293T were administered with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) or transfected with p65 expression plasmid; Western blotting, RT-PCR, luciferase reporter gene experiment and immunofluorescence assay were used to analyze the effect of inflammation on GPRC5A expression. Results: Intraperitoneal injection of LPS induced activation of NF-κB pathway in lung tissues, which suppressed the expression of GPRC5A in mice lungs. In Calu-1 cells, TNF-α treatment greatly suppressed the expression of GPRC5A protein and mRNA. In HEK293T cells, transfection of p65 subunit of NF-κB suppressed the expression of GPRC5A promoter-driven luciferase reporter. The H322 cells transfected with green fluorescent protein-p65 almost did not express GPRC5A. Conclusion: NF-κB pathway acts at the promoter of GPRC5A and suppresses its mRNA and protein expression.

Repression of lung tumor suppressor gene G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A expression by inflammatory signal pathway / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective · To investigate the regulatory effects of inflammatory signaling pathway on the expression of G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A (GPRC5A).Methods· Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-driven luciferase mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evaluate the activation of NF-κB in lungs.GPRC5A expression in lungs was assessed by Western blotting in the C57BL/6J mice injected with LPS.In vitro tests,human lung tumor cell lines Calu-1 and H322,and human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293T were administered with tumor nccrosis factor α (TNF-α) or transfected with p65 expression plasmid;Western blotting,RT-PCR,luciferase reporter gene experiment and immunofluorescence assay were used to analyze the effect of inflammation on GPRC5A expression.Results · Intraperitoneal injection of LPS induced activation of NF-κB pathway in lung tissues,which suppressed the expression of GPRC5A in mice lungs.In Calu-1 cells,TNF-α treatment greatly suppressed the expression of GPRC5A protein and mRNA.In HEK293T cells,transfection of p65 subunit of NF-κB suppressed the expression of GPRC5A promoter-driven luciferase reporter.The H322 cells transfected with green fluorescent protein-p65 almost did not express GPRC5A.Conclusion · NF-κB pathway acts at the promoter of GPRC5A and suppresses its mRNA and protein expression.

Risk Assessment of Echocardiography Parameter Scoring System for 1 Year Re-admission in Patients With Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To establish an echocardiography parameter scoring system for assessing the risk of 1 year re-admission in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD). Methods: A total of 412 chronic LVSD patients treated in our hospital from 2007-01 to 2016-01 were studied and the end point event was 1 year re-admission. The data included in 280 patients from 2007-01 to 2014-12 for establishing the scoring system and 132 patients from 2015-01 to 2016-01 for verifying the system. Based on 7 echocardiography parameters, the patients were divided into 7 sets of groups: ① Left ventricular diameter (LVD): Group0, n=290 and Group1, n=122;② Mitrial regurgitation (MR): Group0, n=203, Group1, n=138 and Group2, n=71; ③ Tricuspid regurgitation (TR): Group0, n=302, Group1, n=90 and Group2, n=20; ④ LVEF: Group0, n=272 and Group1, n=140; ⑤ Pulmonary artery systolic pressure: Group0, n=282 and Group1, n=130; ⑥ Hydropericardium: Group0, n=347 and Group1, n=65; ⑦ Hydrothorax:Group 0, n=261, Group1, n=86 and Group2, n=65. The parameters were identified by COX regression analysis, weighted value of scoring system was calculate by hazard ratio (HR), predictive value for1 year re-admission was assess by ROC curve and finally, scoring integration was verified by validation data group. Results: The integration score was calculated as follows: LVD>60mm=1 point; TR: Group1=1 point and Group2=3 points; MR: Group1=2 points and Group2=4 points; Hydrothorax: Group1=2 points and Group2=3 points;Hydropericardium=1 point. COX regression analysis indicated that for 1 year re-admission: HR=1.552 in Group1 vs Group0, HR=3.374 in Group2 vs Group0 and HR=4.562 in Group3 vs Group0, all P<0.05. The AUC of ROC for establishing the data was 70.0% (95% CI 0.640-0.761) and for verifying the data was 70.4% (95% CI 0.616-0.792); the best integration score was 4 points. Conclusion: Echocardiography parameter scoring system may better predict the risk of 1 year re-admission in LVSD patients which is superior to single echocardiography parameter.

Effect of total flavone of Epimedium on expression of bone OPG, OPGL mRNA in ovariectomized rats / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the molecular mechanism of TFE (total flavone of epimedium) in the treatment of osteoporosis, and then provide experimental evidence for modernization and further development of TFE as an traditional Chinese medicine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty healthy female SD rats with aged 4 months were randomly divided into three groups (including control group in which rats received sham surgery, OVX group in which ovariectomized rats didn't give any medicine after the removal of ovaries and TFE group in which ovariectomized rats administrated TFE), 20 rats in each group. Compared bone mineral density (BMD) between before operation and at 4th week after operation in order to verify the establishment of osteoporotic model (criteria: BMD decreased more than 20% at 4th week after operation). The rats in TEF group were administrated total flavone of epimedium(concentration 30 mg/ml, 10 ml/kg, qd) orally for 4 weeks. After this, killed rats to harvest the lower part of the femur and detected BMD again. Applying the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique (RT-PCR) to detect expression of OPG, OPGL mRNA in bone tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) At 4th week after ovariectomy, the mean BMD of lumbar vertebra in TFE group fell to (0.084 +/- 0.020) g/cm2. Administrated with TFE for 4 weeks,the BMD increased to (0.112 +/- 0.009) g/cm2. There was significant improvement compare with the OVX group (P < 0.05). (2) Compared between OVX group and TFE group, The OPG mRNA expression of TFE group obviously enhanced. There was significant difference in statistics (P < 0.05). However,the promotion for OPGL mRNA expression were detected between OVX group and TFE group,there was no significant difference in statistics (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study showed that TFE could inhibit differentiation and maturation of osteoclast through enhancing OPG mRNA expression, accordingly,to treat osteoporosis.</p>

Respiratory syncytial virus infection enhances airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs and the underlined mechanism / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the relation between Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection and asthma development by measuring airway responsiveness (AR) and M2R function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Guinea pigs (n = 34) were randomly divided into 4 groups: Hep-2/NS group (group A, n = 9), RSV/NS group (group B, n =9), Hep-2/OVA group (group C, n = 8) and RSV/OVA group(group D, n = 8). On day 21 after infection we tested AR and M2R. Then counted eosinophils in BALF and observed pathological change.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Intraairway pressure(IP mmH20) of group B had no significant difference with group A(P > 0.01), and the extent of IP decrease also had no difference between groups A and B (P > 0. 05), but IP of C group were much higher than group A (P<0.05), with extent of IP decrease lower than group A (P < 0.05). And IP of group D were higher than group C (P < 0.01), with the extent of IP decrease much lower than group C (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RSV infection could enhance OVA-induced M2R dysfunction, then develop AHR.</p>

Association between hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Xi'an and enterovirus 71 / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To isolate the prevalent strain of enterovirus 71 (EV71) in Xi'an area in 2008, and compare the concordance of viral isolation, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescent technique in detecting EV71, find the fast and effective method for detection, and analyze the differences between the EV71 strains isolated from Xi'an and Fuyang, Anhui.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Virus isolation and RT-PCR were carried out on vesicle fluid and throat swab specimens that were collected from the patients with hand-foot-and-mouth disease, RD and HEp-2 cell lines were used for viral isolation. The virus was identified by using immunofluorescence technique. Nucleotide sequencing was performed on positive product of RT-PCR, and compared with EV71 isolated from Fuyang in 2008, then submitted to Genbank.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Among the 56 samples of throat swab inoculated on RD and HEp-2 cells, the positive rates were 5.4% (3/56) and 1.8% (1/56), respectively. Among the 56 samples of vesicle fluid inoculated on RD and HEp-2 cells, the positive rates were 12.5% ( 7/56 ) and 5.4% (3/56), respectively. Cytopathic effect of RD and HEp-2 cells appeared on days 7 and 10, respectively. The positive rates of RT-PCR on throat swab and vesicle fluid samples were 21.4% (12/56) and 33.9% (19/56), respectively. Cytopathic effect was found in cell culture for 14 cases and immunofluorescence, showed that 9 of them were infected with EV71. The authors obtained the EV71 strain prevalent in Xi'an during 2008. The nucleotide sequence was submitted to the NCBI Genbank and gained the accession number EU812461.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The EV71 in Xi'an prevalent during 2008 may have a weaker epithelial tropism. Comparison of the EV71 strain isolated from Xi'an with EU703812, EU703813 and EU703814 isolated from Fuyang, Anhui showed that the homology was 97%-98%. RT-PCR is an important method for rapid detection of EV71.</p>

Gene mutation analysis of a Chinese family with osteogenesis imperfecta / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the gene mutation of collagen, type I, alpha 1 (COL1A1) associated with the clinical characterization of a Chinese family with type I osteogenesis imperfecta (OI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing and restriction endonuclaese analysis were used to check all the members in the family with OI and 50 normal control people for detecting the mutation of COL1A1 gene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A 2461G>A (G821S) mutation was found and identified in COL1A1 gene of OI patients, to whom the individual clinical characterization was displayed, however. And the other members in the family with OI and the control did not have such gene mutation as 2461G>A.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The mutation of COL1A1 gene is one of the OI etiologic causes in China. There is no simple universal linkage between such gene changes and OI phenotype, but which not only involved in the OI genotype but the genetic background as well.</p>

Effects of YinlingⅠon Cell Viability and Oxidative Injury of Lead-Exposed Vero Cell / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study effects of yinlingⅠon cell viability and oxidative injury of lead-exposed cell.Methods After lead exposure Vero cell was treated with yinlingⅠof different concentrations.The cell viablitity was measured by methyl thiaxiolyl tetrazolium(MTT) method and the superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA) activity in cell suspensions were measured.Results When Vero cell lived in 125 ?mol/L lead acetate surrounding,the MDA concentration increased,but the viability of cell and the SOD content in the Vero cell suspension decreased.YinlingⅠcould increase the viability of lead-exposed cell during a certain extent;in the most non-toxicity concentration yinlingⅠcould elevate the SOD content in the Vero cell suspension,reduced the MDA concentration and resisting lead toxication in vitro.Conclusion YinlingⅠhas the protective effects on the cell viability and oxidative injury of lead-exposed cell.

Prolongation of murine cardiac allograft survival by dendritic cells treated with NF-?B decoy / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To investigate the function of donor-derived dendritic cells (DCs) treated with NF-?B decoy in prolonging murine cardiac allograft survival time.Methods Donor bone marrow- derived DCs were treated with NF-?B decoy in vitro.Heterotopic abdominal heart transplantation was performed from BALB/c to C57BL/6 mice.Recipients were grouped according to different pretreat ments as follows:(1) Control group,infusion of PBS (0.2 ml) alone intravenously via the portal vein 7 days before heart transplantation;(2) CsA group,treated with sub-therapeutic CsA only for 7 days (10 mg?kg~(-1)?day~(-1)) through intraperitoneal injection after transplantation,and the same as control group before transplantation;(3) Control DCs group,infusion of only cultured 5th-day recipient DCs untreated with NF-?B ODN decoy;(4) Treated DCs group,infusion of recipient DCs pretreated with NF-~cB ODN decoy;(5) Combined treatment group,infusion of recipient DCs treated with NF-~cB ODN decoy before transplantation and intraperitoneal injection of sub-therapeutic CsA for 7 days (10 mg?kg~(-1)?day~(-1)) after transplantation;(6) Third party donor group,C3H/HeJ mice used as donor, and recipient (C57BL/6) was treated the same as combined treatment group.Every group had 8 mice and graft survival time was observed.Cytokines (IL-2,INF-?,IL-4 and IL-10) in recipient serums were analyzed by ELISA at 7th day after transplantation.Results The graft mean survival time (MST) in control group,CsA group,Control DCs group,treated DCs group,combined treatment group and third party donor group was 7 days,10.3 days,7.6 days,21.4 days,53.6 days and 9 days,respectively.There was significant difference in MST between treated DCs group and control group or control DCs group (P

Genetic diversity of human Parvovirus B19 VP1 unique region / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Human Parvovirus B19 (HPV B19) is a small (23 nm), non-enveloped DNA virus found in 1974. It has been proved that HPV B19 is associated with a variety of childhood diseases, such as erythema infectious, transient aplastic crisis, aplastic anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and arthropathy, etc. There have been no any effective vaccines to prevent HPV B19 infection so far. The HPV B19 genome is composed of 5.6 kb single strand DNA. This genome encodes a nonstructural protein NS1, two structural proteins VP1 and VP2. Most neutralizing linear epitopes of HPV B19 cluster in the VP1 unique and VP1-VP2 junction regions. Only proteins encoded by genes of the VP1 unique and VP1-VP2 junction regions can stimulate bodies to produce protective antibodies. Aim of the present study was to get the VP1 unique region gene of HPV B19 and to analyze the genetic diversity so as to further study its function and application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The VP1 unique region gene of HPV B19 was amplified from the serum of a child with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura by PCR. The purified PCR product was cloned into pGEM-T easy vector and transfected into the host strain E. coli (DH5 alpha). Positive clones were chosen and then the target gene was sequenced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The target gene sequence of HPV B19 VP1 unique region was amplified and cloned successfully. It had 705 nucleotides. Compared with the relevant sequences published in Genbank, the sequencing results were revealed with two nucleotides changes in the HPV B19 VP1 unique region, but their coding amino acid were not changed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is suggested that genetic diversity exists in the VP1 unique region of HPV B19. Construction of the recombinant plasmid of HPV B19 VP1 unique region gene might benefit to further study.</p>

Effects of YinlingⅠon Expelling Lead and Improving Ability of Learning Memory in Lead-Poisoned Mice / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the effects of YinlingⅠon expelling lead and the improvement of the ability of learning memory in lead poisoned mice.Methods Poisoning model of lead was prepared by drinking water with lead acetate,and the administration of YinlingⅠor EDTA-Na_2Ca to lead poisoned mice was performed.Lead content was detected in blood, brain and bone.The ability of lear- ning and memory of mice was measured monthly by Y-water maze test. Ultrastructure of CA3 cell in hippocampus was observed with transmission electron microscope.Results After administration of YinlingⅠ,the lead content in blood, brain and bone decreased remarkably, the ability of learning and memory increased,and the ultrastructure changes of CA3 cell in hippocampus markedly dimi- nished.Conclutions YinlingⅠ may expel lead of the mice with lead poisoning and improve their ability of learning and memory.